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DNA Full-Form Name: DNA Meaning
DM Full-Form refers to Deoxyribonucleic Acid DNA is basically a molecule that consists of genetic information used in the development, growth reproduction, and functioning of all organisms and numerous viruses. It is a nucleic acid and is among the four main macromolecule types that are required for WI life forms, along with complex carbohydrates. Lipids and proteins. The majority of the molecules of DNA have two biopolymer stands. These strand coils around each other thereby forming a double helix.
The two strands of DNA are made up of simple units Mown as nucleotides and hence ax referred to as the polynucleotide. Each nucleotide is made of a nucleobase containing oxygen, which can be or thymine, G or guanine, C or cytosine, o; adenine or A, as well as the sugar known as deoxyribose, and a group of phosphate. The covalent bonds formed between one nucleotide’s sugar and the next nucleotide’s phosphate keep the nucleotides joined to each other in the form of a chain. The hydrogen bonds are bounding the nitrogenous bases of two strands together thereby making double-stranded DNA. The functions performed by the DNA are essential for the coding of the protein, inheritance, and the fife’s genetic blueprint. The main functions of DNA are the coding for proteins, DNA replication, and genetic coding.
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Coding for Proteins
Proteins axe one of the complex and essential molecules that perform numerous works mound the human body. The codes of these complex molecules me held by the DNA. The information contained in the DNA is first ‘read’ by the messenger molecule. This molecule then records this information into itself After the recording, the translation of information is done, which is then convened into a language that can be understood easily by the body This language is a land of mono and. This specific language then provides instructions on the methods to be used by the amino and for producing a particular land of protein
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Replication of DNA
The replication of DNA is very important for a very large number of functions that range from the growth and maintenance of body systems, tissues and cells, to the reproductive processes. The ‘unzipping’ of a DNA molecule takes place for copying itself and this results in the formation of the base series along the molecule’s backbone. This series does not COWAitl pais. There are four bases in DNA. These bases are highly specific regarding the base they get attaches to. Thus, thy: nine only pairs with adenine and cytosine only pan nth guanine.
A new strand of DNA is built that matches the original DNA sequence when the connections are formed between the nucleotides and the unpaired bases (present on the DNA molecule’s backbone). The strand formed in the end result matches with the original strand (before it is unzipped) perfectly In a human body, the replication of cells takes place for reasons Hie making new blood cells or slat In the case of any mistake, the repair systems correct it, or the cell is marked for destruction. Even if the cell survives the mutation plots. it still helps the organism. This concept forms the basis of evolution
Genetic Code
If the genetic code is taken into account, DNA is highly important. This is because it helps by transforming the genetic message to all the cells m the human body If a reproductive sense is used for considering a DNA, the joining of a sperm and egg for creating the first cell gives the complete genetic code that the new body uses for its entire life Hence, half of the chromosomes that are present in the DNA of a body come from the father, and the other half is obtained from the mother In a human body, DNA plays essential roles. The knowledge of the functions of the DNA and the continued research will help to uncover more information regarding this important molecule.
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