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AIDS: The Global Epidemic
Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a disease in which the body’s immune system breaks down. AIDS occurs when HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) enters the body.
Many people are dying of AIDS each day and more and more are contracting it every minute. AIDS disease is a sentence of slow but inevitable death. Till date, there is no cure for this disease; however, there are drugs which help to slow down the growth of this disease in the body.
AIDS is spread when the HIV virus enters the body, it gets into the white blood cells and takes over the reproductive system of that cell to reproduce itself thereby, damaging the white blood cells and weakening the immune system of the body. Slowly, the immune system breaks down making the body susceptible to many diseases ultimately resulting in the death of the infected person. Despite mass scale awareness programmes, there still exist some myths regarding the contraction of HIV.
HIV is a transferrable virus, i.e. it can flow from one person to affect the other through some liquid. The presence of liquids or body fluids is a pre-requisite for HP/ to be transferred. The virus can be found in the blood, semen, vaginal fluid and breast milk of the infected people and is also found in the saliva, sweat and tears, though not in high amounts to transmit the virus to another person.
HIV can spread through any type of unprotected sexual contact when one of the partners has the virus. Sharing of needles, syringes, etc. to inject drugs is another way of how HIV can be transmitted. Sharing of needles for tattoos, piercings and body art can also lead to infection. Also, newborn babies are at risk of getting the HIV virus from their mothers if the mothers are infected. This can happen before the baby is born, during birth or through breastfeeding. However, HIV does not spread by shaking hands, sitting together or sharing food, etc.
In the words of Elizabeth Taylor “It is bad enough that people are dying of AIDS, but no one should die of ignorance”. HIV can be prevented when some precautionary measures are followed. It is always recommended to practice safe sex using condoms and other precautionary measures to inhibit the virus from being transmitted. Similarly, the use of fresh or sterilised needles doesn’t allow the virus from spreading. Also, expecting mothers should be tested for Inv because infected mothers who receive treatment are less likely to spread the virus to their babies than those who do not. The initial symptoms that HIV patients exhibit are diarrhoea, fever, weight loss, belly cramps, joint pains and skin rashes.
Ist of December every year is observed as World AIDS Day. There are various organisations and bodies world over that promote awareness about this serious disease. The International AIDS Society that works with a vision to end the HIV epidemic, concluded its last conference in Melbourne, Australia on July 2014.
Thus, that was all about AIDS and HIV. It calls for all of us to shun all the myths related to this dreaded disease AIDS and take steps to prevent its spreading by addressing its actual causes which are stated above. At the same time, we should put an end to this discriminatory behaviour meted out to the victims and mingle with them without any apprehensions.
