Complete NCERT Book Page wise Solution Class 10th as per Latest CBSE Syllabus
Civics,
Chapter- 2 Federalism
The following page provides you NCERT book solutions for class 10 social science, social science class 10 notes in pdf are also available in the related links between the texts.
Question 1. Locate the following States on a blank outline political map of India: Manipur, Sikkim, Chhattisgarh and Goa.
Answer:
Question 2. Identify and shade three federal countries (other than India) on a blank outline political map of the world.
Answer:
Question 3. Point out one feature in the practice of federalism in India that is similar to and one feature that is different from that of Belgium.
Answer: In India, just like in Belgium, the central government has to share its powers with the State governments. However, unlike Belgium, India do not have a community government in addition to the central and the state government.
Question 4. What is the main difference between a federal form of government and a unitary one? Explain with an example.
Answer : In a federal form of government, the central government shares its powers with the various constituent units of the country. Both type of governemnts are separately answerable to the people. For example, in India, power is divided between the Central Government and the various State governments.
In a unitary form of government, all the power is exercised by only one government. In this the Central government can pass orders to the provincial or the regional government. For example, in Sri Lanka, the national government has all the powers.
Question 5. State any two differences between the local government before and after the Constitutional amendment in 1992.
Answer:
| Local governments Before 1992 | Local governments After 1992 |
| Elections were controlled by the state and not held regularly. | An independent State Election Commission is responsible to conduct elections regularly. |
| Local governments did not have any powers or resources of their own. | The State governments are required to share some powers and revenue with local government bodies. |
Question 6. Fill in the blanks:
Since the United States is a type of federation, all the constituent States have equal powers and States are vis-Ã -vis the federal government. But India is a type of federation and some States have more power than others. In India, the government has more powers.
Answer : Since the United States is a coming together type of federation, all the constituent States have equal powers and States are strong vis-Ã -vis the federal government. But India is a holding together type of federation and some States have more power than others. In India, the Central government has more powers.
Question 7. Here are three reactions to the language policy followed in India.
Give an argument and an example to support any of these positions.
Sangeeta : The policy of accommodation has strengthened national unity.
Arman : Language-based States have divided us by making everyone conscious of their language.
Harish : This policy has only helped to consolidate the dominance of English over all other languages.
Answer : I agree with Sangeeta’s reaction. If the policy of accommodation was not followed and states were not created on linguistic basis, there would have been further partition of India. For example, imposition of Hindi as the national language would have led the South to break away from the North and Tamil Nadu would have become an independent nation.
Question 8. The distinguishing feature of a federal government is:
(a)National government gives some powers to the provincial
(b)Power is distributed among the legislature, executive and
(c)Elected officials exercise supreme power in the
(d)Governmental power is divided between different levels of
Answer : (d) Governmental power is divided between different levels of government.
Question 9. A few subjects in various Lists of the Indian Constitution are given here. Group them under the Union, State and Concurrent Lists as provided in the table below.
A.Defence; B. Police; C. Agriculture; D. Education;
E.Banking; F. Forests; G. Communications; H. Trade; I. Marriages
| Union List | |
| State List | |
| Concurrent List |
Answer :
| Union List | Defence, Banking, Communications |
| State List | Police, Agriculture, Trade |
| Concurrent List | Education, Forests, Marriages |
Question 10. Examine the following pairs that give the level of government in India and the powers of the government at that level to make laws on the subjects mentioned against each. Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
| (a) | State government | State List |
| (b) | Central government | Union List |
| (c) | Central and State government | Concurrent List |
| (d) | Local governments | Residuary powers |
Answer :
| (d) | Local governments | Residuary powers |
Question 11. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
| List I | List II | |||
| 1. Union of India | A. Prime Minister | |||
| 2. State | Î’. Sarpanch | |||
| 3. Municipal | C. Governor | |||
| 4. Gram Panchayat | D. Mayor | |||
|
1 2 3 |
||||
| 4 | ||||
| (a) | D | A | B | C |
| (b) | B | C | D | A |
| (c) | A | C | D | B |
| (d) | C | D | A | B |
Answer :
|
1 2 2 |
||||
| 4 | ||||
| (c) | A | C | D | B |
Question 12. Consider the following two statements.
A.In a federation the powers of the federal and provincial governments are clearly
B.India is a federation because the powers of the Union and State Governments are specified in the Constitution and they have exclusive jurisdiction on their respective
C.Sri Lanka is a federation because the country is divided into
D. India is no longer a federation because some powers of the States have been devolved to the local government bodies.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
a) A, B and C
b)A, C and D
c)A and B only
d)B and C only
Ans : (c) A and B only
