TEXTUAL EXERCISES
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1. Here are some headings for paragraphs in the text. Write the number(s) of the paragraph(s) for each title against the heading. The first one is done for you.
(a) Einstein’s equation —–
(b) Einstein meets his future wife —–
(c) The’ making of a violinist ——
(d)Mileva and Einstein’s mother—–
(e) A letter that launched the arms race ——
(f) A desk drawer is full of ideas ——
(g) Marriage and divorce ——
Ans. (a) —– (b) —— (c)—— (d) ——- (e)—— (f) —— (g) ——–
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1. Who had these opinions about Einstein?
(a) he was boring
(b) he was stupid and would never succeed in life
(c) he was a freak
Ans. (a) the other children,
(b) A headmaster,
(c) His mother.
2.Explain what the reasons for the following are :
(a) Einstein leaving the school in Munich for good.
Ans. Einstein did not like the strict discipline of the school in Munich. the lie was feeling suffocating. He often got clashed with his teachers. File wanted to breathe in the open air. So, he left the school in Munich for good.
(b) Einstein wanting to study in Switzerland rather than Munich.
Ans. Einstein felt suffocated in Munich. He did not like the strict discipline of Munich. But on the other hand in Switzerland, the atmosphere was more liberal. So, he wanted to study in Switzerland rather than in Munich.
(c) Einstein seeing in Mileva an ally.
Ans. Mileva was a fellow student of Einstein in Zurich. She was a young Serb. She was very intelligent. Einstein saw in her an ally against all philistines
4. What did Einstein call his desk drawer at the patent office? Why?
Ans. In 1902, Einstein got the job of a technical expert in a patent office. Ills job was to assess other people’s inventions. But actually, he was developing his ideas in secret. He called his desk drawer -“bureau of theoretical physics”.
5. Why did Einstein write a letter to Franklin Roosevelt?
Ans. The Nazis in Germany started developing nuclear fission. They could make an atom bomb easily. Einstein knew the extent of destruction that an atom bomb could make. So, he wrote a letter to the President of the U.S.A. Franklin Roosevelt to warn him about the destruction caused by this bomb.
6. How did to Einstein react to the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
Ans. Einstein was deeply shaken by the extent of the destruction caused by the atom bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. He wrote a long letter to the United Nations for the formation of a world government. After this incident, he got more involved in politics and worked for peace and democracy in the world.
7. Why does the world remember Einstein as a ‘world citizen’?
Ans. Einstein worked for the development of peace and democracy in the world. He wanted all the world to work as a unit. So, he proposed the formation of the world government. That is why the world remembers him as a ‘world citizen’.
8. Here are some facts from Einstein’s life. Arrange them in chronological order :
1. Einstein publishes his special theory of relativity.
2. He is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
3. Einstein writes a letter to US President Franklin D. Roosevelt and warns against Germany’s building of an atomic bomb.
4. Einstein attends a high school in Munich.
5. Einstein’s family moved to Milan.
6. Einstein is born in the German city of Ulm.
7. Einstein joins a university in Zurich, where he meets Mileva.
8. Einstein dies.
9. He provides a new interpretation of the centre of gravitation.
10.Tired of the school’s regimentation. Einstein withdraws from school.
11. He works in a patent office as a technical expert.
12. When Hitler comes to power, Einstein leaves Germany for the United States.
Answers :
1. Einstein is born in the German city of Ulm.
2. Einstein attends a high school in Munich.
3. Einstein’s family moved to Milan.
4. Tired of the school’s regimentation, Einstein withdraws from school.
5. Einstein joins a university in Zurich, where he meets Mileva.
6. He works in a patent office as a technical expert.
7. Einstein publishes his special theory of relativity.
8. He provides a new interpretation of the centre of gravitation.
9. He is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
10. When Hitler comes to power, Einstein leaves Germany for the United States.
11. Einstein writes a letter to US President Franklin D.-Roosevelt and warns against Germany’s building of an atomic bomb.
12. Einstein dies.
Language Exercises
1. Here are some sentences from the story. Choose the word from the brackets which can be substituted for the underlined words.
(i) A few years later. the marriage faltered. (failed, broke, became weak)
(ii) Einstein was constantly at odds with people at the university. (on bad terms, in disagreement, unhappy)
(iii) The newspapers proclaimed his work as “a scientific revolution.” (declared. praised, showed)
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(iv) Einstein got ever more involved in politics, agitating for an end to the arms buildup. (campaigning, fighting, supporting)
(v) At the age of 15, Einstein felt so stifled that he left the school for good. ( permanently, for his benefit, for a short time)
(vi) Five years later, the discovery of nuclear fission in Berlin had American physicists in an uproar. (in a state of commotion, full of criticism, in a desperate state)
(vii) Science wasn’t the only thing (interested, challenged, worried) that appealed to the dashing young man with the walrus moustache.
Ans.1. become weak
- in disagreement
- declared
- campaigning
- permanently
- in a state of commotion
- interested
2.Study the following sentences :
(i) Einstein became a gifted amateur violinist, maintaining this skill throughout his life.
(ii) Letters survive in which they put their affection into words, mixing science with tenderness. The parts in italics in the above sentences begin withing verbs and are called participial phrases. Participial phrases say something more about the person or thing talked about or the idea expressed by the sentence as a whole. For example :
Einstein became a gifted amateur violinist. He maintained this skill throughout his life.
Complete the sentences below by filling in the blanks with suitable participle clauses. The information that has to be used in the phrases is provided as a sentence in brackets.
(i) …………, the firefighters finally put out the fire. (They worked around the clock)
(ii) She watched the sunset above the mountain …………, (She noticed the colours blending softly into one another.)
(iii) The excited horse pawed the ground rapidly …………, (While it neighed continually.)
(iv) …………, I found myself in Banglore, instead of Benaras. (I had taken the wrong train.)
(v) …………, I was desperate to get to the bathroom. (I had not bathed for two days)
(vi) The stone steps, …………, needed to be replaced. (They were worn down).
(vii) The actor received hundreds of letters from his fans …………, (They asked him to send them his photograph.)
Ans.
(i) Working around the clock, the firefighters finally put out the fire.
(ii) She watched the sunset above the mountain, noticing the colours bending softly into one another.
(iii) The excited horse pawed the ground rapidly. neighing continuously.
(iv) Having taken the wrong train, I found myself in Banglore, instead of Benaras.
(v) Having not bathed for two days, I was desperate to get to the bathroom.
(vi) The stone steps, being worn down, needed to be replaced
(vii) The actor received hundreds of letters from his fans, asking him to send them his photograph.
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Writing Newspaper Reports
Here are some notes which you could use to write a report.
21 August 2000—Original handwritten manuscript of Albert Einstein unearthed —by student Rowdy Boeynik in the University of Netherlands—Boeynik researching papers—papers belonging to an old friend of Einstein—fingerprints of Einstein on these papers— 16-page document dated 1924— Einstein’s work on this last theory—the behaviour of atoms at low temperature—now known as the Bose-Einstein condensation—the manuscript to be kept at Leyden University where Einstein got the Nobel Prize. Write a report Which has four paragraphs, one each on :
(i) what was unearthed
(ii) who unearthed it and when
(iii) what the document contained
(iv) where it will be kept
Your report could begin like this :
Student Unearths Einstein Manuscript
21 August 2005. An original handwritten Albert Einstein manuscript has been unearthed at a university in the Netherlands …………………………
Ans. This type of exercise has been given for developing the writing skills of the learners. The students are advised to make a sincere effort. You will see that your effort will yield you more than your expectations.
Passages for Dictation
Your teacher will dictate these paragraphs to you. Write down the paragraphs with correct punctuation marks.
In 1931 Charlie Chaplin invited Albert Einstein, who was visiting Hollywood, to a private screening of his new film, “City Lights”. As the two men drove into town together, passersby waved and cheered. Chaplin turned to his guest and explained: “The people are applauding you because none of them understands you and applauding me because everybody understands me.”
One of Einstein’s colleagues asked him for his telephone number one day. Einstein reached for a telephone directory and looked it up. “You don’t remember your own number T’ the man asked, startled. “No”. Einstein answered. “Why should I memorize something I can so easily get from a book ?” (In fact. Einstein claimed never to memorise anything which could be looked up less than two minutes.)
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