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SOCIAL SCIENCE– Set 3
Class —X
Maximum Marks: 80 Time 3 hours
Instructions
(I)There are 26 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(ii) Marks for each question are indicated against the question.
(iii) Questions from serial number 1 to 7 are very short Answer type Questions. Answer to these questions should not exceed 30 words limit. Each question carries one mark.
(iv) Question from serial number 8 to 18 are 3 marks questions. Answer of these questions should not exceed 80 words each.
(v)Question from serial number 19 to 25 are 5 marks questions. Answers of these questions should not exceed 100 words each.
(vi) Question number 26 is a map question. It has two parts 26(A) and 26(B) 26 (A) of 2 marks from History and 26(B) of 3 marks from Geography. After completion attaches the map inside your answer book.
1. How was the maritime silk route useful for Vietnam? (1)
Ans. Vietnam was also linked to what was called the maritime silk route. It brought goods, people and ideas. Other networks of trade connected it to the hinterland.
2. Who wrote the novel ‘Oliver Twist’? (1)
Ans. Charles Dickens.
3. Give one difference between renewable and non-renewable resources. (1)
Ans. Renewable resources are replenished by nature and may be overused such as plants. Non-renewable resources get exhausted after years of use such as coal.
4. How and when was Sinhala recognized as the official language of Sri Lanka? (1)
Ans. Sinhala was recognized as the official language of Sri Lanka by passing an Act in 1956.
5. How does money eliminate the need for double coincidence of wants? (1)
Ans. If we have money in our pocket, we can purchase anything at any time as we wish.
6. Why are MNCs setting their customer care centre’s in India? (1)
Ans. MNCs are setting up their customer care centres in India due to the availability of cheap skilled labour and good English speaking people.
7. Give any one example of consumer’s ‘right to choose’. (1)
Ans. If a person wants to buy toothpaste and the shop owner says that he can sell the toothpaste only if the customer buys a toothbrush. If you are not interested in buying the brush, you have the right to deny.
8. The French used school textbooks in Vietnam to justify colonial rule. Explain.
Ans. (1) The Vietnamese were represented in the textbooks as primitive and backward.
(ii) They were shown capable of manual labour but not of intellectual reflection, ‘skilled copyists’ but not creative.
(iii) School children were told that only French rule could ensure peace in Vietnam.
9.” Colonial administrators found “Vernacular” novels a valuable source of information life and customs”. Prove the statement by giving three pieces of evidence.
Ans. (i) Such information was useful for them in governing Indian society, with its large communities and castes.
(ii) As outsiders, the British knew little about life inside Indian households. The new nova Indian languages often had descriptions of domestic life.
(iii) These novels show how people dressed, their forms of religious worship, their belies practices, etc.
10. Explain any three reasons for which the multipurpose projects and large dams have come midi great scrutiny and opposition in recent years. (4)
Ans. (i) Regulating and damming of rivers affect their natural flow causing poor sediment flow aw excessive sedimentation at the bottom of the reservoir, resulting in rockier stream beds and poorer habitats for the river’s aquatic life.
(ii) These projects have also been the cause of many new social movements like the ‘Narmacii Bache Angolan’ and the ‘Teri Dam Angolan’ etc.
(iii) Interstate water disputes are also becoming common with regard to sharing the costs and benefits of the multipurpose project.
11. “Industrialization and urbanization go hand in hand”. Validate the statement. (1)
Ans. Whenever an industrial activity starts in a town, urbanization follows. The industry provides employment to the people of the area. Population migrates from rural hinterlands to seek jobs Housing and transport facilities are developed to accommodate these people. Other infrastructure developments take place leading to growth and development of the tom into a city. Sometimes, industries are located in or near the cities. Cities provide markets and services such a banking, insurance, transport, labour and financial advice etc. to the industry. Thus, industrialization and urbanization go hand in hand.
12. “Three factors are crucial in deciding the outcome of politics of social divisions”. Elba upon the statement.
Ans. First of all, the outcome depends on how people perceive their identities. If people see identities in singular and exclusive terms, it becomes very difficult to accommodate. Second, it depends on now political leader raise the demands of any community. It is easier to accommodate demands that are within the constitutional framework and are not at the cost of another community. Third, it depends on how the government reacts to the demands of different groups. If the rulers willing to share power and accommodate the reasonable demands of the minority community, s divisions become less threatening for the country.
13. “No party system is ideal for all countries and all situations”. Justify the statement arguments.
Ans. (i) It evolves over a long time depending on the nature of society, its social and regional did its history of policies and its system of elections.
(ii) Each country develops a party system that is conditioned by its special circumstances.
(iii) Party system is not something, any country can choose.
(iv) For example, if India has evolved a multiparty system, it is because the social and geographic diversity in such a large country is not easily absorbed by two or even three parties.
14. Do democracies lead to peaceful and harmonious life among citizens? Clarify.
Ans. (a) Non-democratic regimes often turn a blind eye to or suppress internal social differences. to handle social differences, divisions and conflicts is thus a definite plus point of deem regimes.
(b) But the example of Sri Lanka exhibits that a democracy must fulfil two conditions in order to achieve this outcome.
(i) That democracy is not simply ruled by the majority opinion. The majority always needs to with the minority so that governments function to represent the stingray view.
(ii) That rule by the majority does not become rule I, race or linguistic group etc. e my majority community
15. How can the government ensure that global’ in terms of religion or way by all? Inaction is fair and its benefits are shared in a better
Ans. (i) Government’s policies must protect the interests, not only of the rich powerful but all the people in the country.
(ii) It should ensure that the labour laws are implemented and the
(iii) It can negotiate at the WTO for It can support small producers to improve their developing countries enough to compete. If necessary, the with similar interests to fight ‘fairer rules’. It can also altar government can use o fight against the do Monition of developed countries in the WTO.
16. “Money cannot buy all the goods and services that a person may need to live well”. Explain the statement with suitable examples.
Ans. Money cannot buy all the goods and services that a person may need to live well. Income by itself is not a completely adequate indicator of material goods and services that citizens are able to use. For example, normally, money cannot by a pollution free environment or ensure that a person gets unadulterated medicines unless a can afford to shift to a community that already has all these things. Money may also not be pale . to protect individuals from infections, disease, unless the whole of our community takes preventive steps.
17. Describe the provisions of “MNREGA-2005”.(3)
Ans. (i) It provides 100 days assured employment every year to each. I household.
(ii) One-third of the proposed jobs are reserved for women.
(iii) If an applicant is not employed within 15 days, he/she is entitled to a daily unemployment allowance.
18. “Barriers on foreign trade and foreign investment were removed to a large extent in India since 1991”. Justify the statement. (3)
Ans. (i) Foreign companies could set-up factories and offices in India.
(ii) Barriers to foreign trade and foreign investment were partially removed.
(iii) Relaxation was given to investment policies.
(iv) MNCs were given facilities to set up their factories in India.
19. “Even before factories began to dot the landscape in England and Europe, there was large-scale industrial production for an international market in the countryside”. Elucidate. (5)
Ans. (i) In the 17th and 18th centuries, merchants from the towns in Europe began moving to the countryside, supplying money to peasants and artisans, persuading them to produce for an international market.
(ii) With the expansion of world trade and the acquisition of colonies in different parts of the world, the demands for goods began growing. But merchants could not expand productions within towns because here urban crafts and trade guilds were powerful.
(iii) These were the associations of prod duce pursuit cheats, trained craftspeople, and maintained control over and restricted the entry of new people into the production, regulated competition an right to produce and trade in specific products.
(iv)Rulers granted different guilds the monopoly It was therefore difficult for an o set up business in towns.
(v) So, they turned to the countryside poor peasants and artisans who had lost their common lands began working for merchants and produced goods and indirectly served
20. “The function and the shape of the family have completely transformed my life in the industrial the international market. city.” Clarify the statement with regard to urbanization that happened in England in the 18th.
Ans. (i)Ties between members of households loosened and among the working class the institution of the century. marriage tended to break down. faced increasingly higher
(ii) Women of the upper and middle classes. in Britain, on the other hand, levels of isolation, though their lives l were made easier by domestic maids who cooked, young children on wages.
(iii) Women who worked for wages had some control over their lives, particularly among the 1u4 social classes. However, many social reformers felt that the family as an institution had b down, and needed to be saved or reconstructed by pushing these women back into the home.
(iv) The city encouraged a new spirit of individualism among both men and women and freed from the collective values that were a feature of the smaller rural communities.
(v) But men and women did not have equal access to this new urban space. As women lost their industrial jobs and conservative people railed against their presence in public spaces, the weasel was forced to withdraw into their homes.
21. Describe the significance of the Textile Industry in India with specific reference to the cotton industry. (1)
Ans. (i) The Textile Industry occupies a unique position in the Indian economy because it contributes significantly to industrial production, employment generation and foreign exchange earnings
(ii) It contributes 4% towards GDP. It is the only industry in the country, which is self-reliant and complete in the value chain i.e., from raw material to the highest value-added products.
(iii) In the early years, the cotton textile industry was concentrated in the cotton growing belt of Maharashtra and Gujarat. Availability of raw cotton, market transport including accessible port facilities, labour, moist climate etc. contributed to its localization.
(iv) This industry has close links with agriculture and provides a living to farmers, cotton-boll. puckers and workers engaged in ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing, packaging, tailoring etc
(v) The industry by creating demands supports many other industries, such as chemicals and dyes, mill stores, packaging materials and engineering works.
22. India has one of the largest road networks in the world, aggregating to about 2.3 million km present. On what basis roadways have taken on edge over railway? Explain.
Ans. (i) The construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines.
(ii) Roads can traverse comparatively more dissected and undulating topography, they negotiate higher gradients of slopes and as such can traverse mountains such as the Himalayas.
(iii) Road transport is economical in Transportation of few persons and relatively smaller ammo of goods over short distances.
(iv) It also provides door-to-door service, thus the cost of loading and unloading is much lower.
(v) Road transport is also used as a feeder to other modes of transport such as they prove between railway stations, air and seaports.
23. Women face disadvantage, discrimination and oppression in various ways even today. A statement by giving five suitable arguments.
Ans. (i) The literacy rate among women is still lower. Similarly, a smaller proportion of girl student for higher studies.
(ii) The proportion of women among the highly paid and valued jobs is still very small.
(iii) The equal wages Act provides that equal wages should be paid to equal work. However, almost all areas of work, from sports and cinema to factories and fields, women are paid than men, even when both do exactly the same work.
(iv) In many parts of India, parents prefer to have sons and find ways to have the girl child ago before she is born. Such sex-selective abortion led to a decline in child sex ratio. They are not safe even within their own home from beating, harassment and other forms domestic violence.
24. Political parties fill political offices and exercise political power. But they a series of important functions. Describe any five of them.
Ans. Political parties perform various functions in a democracy:
(i)In a democracy, parties contest elections by nominating a person as an election.
(ii) Parties put forward a multitude of different policies and programmed to ensure that more do this by their candidate to identify their opinion with the party and therefore support it.
(iii) Parties play a decisive role in making laws for a country. Candidates from the ruling from the majority members of legislature and executive. They generally implement laws respect to the opinions and policies the party had earlier stated.
(iv)Those parties that do not form part of the government after the elections play the opposition. they act as a balance of power and opinion to the government.
(v) Parties shape public opinion by raising and highly thin issues. Parties also raise issues of matter to the public in front of the government.
25. What are demand deposits? Explain any three features of it?
Ans. People save their motley in banks by opening an account. The deposits in the bank accounts can be .won demand, so these deposits are called demand deposits.
(i)Banks accept the deposits and pay an interest rate on the deposits. In this way, people’s money is safe with the banks and it earns an interest.
(ii) The facility of cherubs against demand deposits makes it possible to directly settle payments without the use of cash. Since demand deposits are accepted widely as a means of payment, along with currency, they constitute money in the modern economy.
(iii) It is authorized by the government of the country.
26.(A) Two features a and b are marked on the given political outline map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked near them: (2)
(a) The place where Congress held its session in December 1920.
(b) The place where the Khilafat Committee was formed.
(B) Locate and label the following with appropriate symbols on the same given outline political map of India. (i) Para dip — port (ii) Bokhara — steel plant (ill) Kaila — nuclear — power — plant.
Ans. 71 63′ ; 64′ 72’sHit 6. 88′
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